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简介
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随机数生成
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数学计算
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util.toNumber(x)
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<h1 id="_1">工具库<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<h2 id="_2">简介<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>工具库（<code>@util</code>）提供了一系列实用的工具函数，包括随机数生成、数学计算、类型检查等功能。</p>
<h2 id="_3">导入方式<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>@util;
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="_4">函数参考<a class="headerlink" href="#_4" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<h3 id="_5">随机数生成<a class="headerlink" href="#_5" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<h4 id="utilrandom">util.random()<a class="headerlink" href="#utilrandom" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>生成一个0到1之间的随机小数。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- 无</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 0到1之间的随机小数</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a>result = util.random();
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a>show(`Random number: `, result); !! 输出: 0.123456789
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilrandinta-b">util.randint(a, b)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilrandinta-b" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>生成一个指定范围内的随机整数。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>a</code> - 最小值
- <code>b</code> - 最大值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 范围内的随机整数</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>result = util.randint(1, 100);
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a>show(`Random integer: `, result); !! 输出: 42
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_6">数学计算<a class="headerlink" href="#_6" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<h4 id="utilroundx-n">util.round(x, n)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilroundx-n" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>对数字进行四舍五入。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要四舍五入的数字
- <code>n</code> - 小数位数（默认为0）</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 四舍五入后的数字</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a>result1 = util.round(3.14159);
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a>result2 = util.round(3.14159, 2);
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a>show(`Rounded: `, result1); !! 输出: 3
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>show(`Rounded to 2 decimals: `, result2); !! 输出: 3.14
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilabsx">util.abs(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilabsx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>计算数字的绝对值。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 数字</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 数字的绝对值</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a>result = util.abs(-123);
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a>show(`Absolute value: `, result); !! 输出: 123
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilminargs">util.min(...args)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilminargs" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>返回多个数字中的最小值。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>...args</code> - 多个数字</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 最小值</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a>result = util.min(10, 5, 20, 3);
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a>show(`Minimum: `, result); !! 输出: 3
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilmaxargs">util.max(...args)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilmaxargs" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>返回多个数字中的最大值。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>...args</code> - 多个数字</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 最大值</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a>result = util.max(10, 5, 20, 3);
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a>show(`Maximum: `, result); !! 输出: 20
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilsumargs">util.sum(...args)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilsumargs" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>计算多个数字的和。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>...args</code> - 多个数字</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 数字的和</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a>result = util.sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a>show(`Sum: `, result); !! 输出: 15
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilaverageargs">util.average(...args)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilaverageargs" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>计算多个数字的平均值。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>...args</code> - 多个数字</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 数字的平均值</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a>result = util.average(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a>show(`Average: `, result); !! 输出: 3
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_7">类型检查<a class="headerlink" href="#_7" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<h4 id="utilisnumberx">util.isNumber(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilisnumberx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>检查值是否为数字。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要检查的值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 布尔值，表示是否为数字</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>result1 = util.isNumber(123);
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a>result2 = util.isNumber(`123`);
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a>result3 = util.isNumber(`abc`);
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a>show(`Is 123 a number: `, result1); !! 输出: true
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a>show(`Is &#39;123&#39; a number: `, result2); !! 输出: true
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>show(`Is &#39;abc&#39; a number: `, result3); !! 输出: false
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilisstringx">util.isString(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilisstringx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>检查值是否为字符串。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要检查的值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 布尔值，表示是否为字符串</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a>result1 = util.isString(`Hello`);
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a>result2 = util.isString(123);
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a>show(`Is &#39;Hello&#39; a string: `, result1); !! 输出: true
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a>show(`Is 123 a string: `, result2); !! 输出: false
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utilisarrayx">util.isArray(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utilisarrayx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>检查值是否为数组。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要检查的值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 布尔值，表示是否为数组</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a>result1 = util.isArray(arr(1, 2, 3));
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a>result2 = util.isArray(`[1, 2, 3]`);
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a>result3 = util.isArray(123);
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a>show(`Is arr(1, 2, 3) an array: `, result1); !! 输出: true
<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a>show(`Is &#39;[1, 2, 3]&#39; an array: `, result2); !! 输出: true
<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a>show(`Is 123 an array: `, result3); !! 输出: false
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_8">类型转换<a class="headerlink" href="#_8" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<h4 id="utiltonumberx">util.toNumber(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utiltonumberx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>将值转换为数字。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要转换的值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 转换后的数字</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a>result = util.toNumber(`123`);
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a>show(`Converted to number: `, result); !! 输出: 123
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utiltostringx">util.toString(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utiltostringx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>将值转换为字符串。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要转换的值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 转换后的字符串</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>result = util.toString(123);
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a>show(`Converted to string: `, result); !! 输出: 123
</code></pre></div>
<h4 id="utiltypeofx">util.typeof(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#utiltypeofx" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
<p>获取值的类型。</p>
<p><strong>参数：</strong>
- <code>x</code> - 要检查的值</p>
<p><strong>返回值：</strong>
- 值的类型（'array'、'number'、'string' 或 'unknown'）</p>
<p><strong>示例：</strong></p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a>result1 = util.typeof(123);
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a>result2 = util.typeof(`Hello`);
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a>result3 = util.typeof(arr(1, 2, 3));
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a>show(`Type of 123: `, result1); !! 输出: number
<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a>show(`Type of &#39;Hello&#39;: `, result2); !! 输出: string
<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a>show(`Type of arr(1, 2, 3): `, result3); !! 输出: array
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="_9">示例代码<a class="headerlink" href="#_9" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a>@util;
<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a>!! 随机数生成
<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a>show(`Random number: `, util.random());
<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a>show(`Random integer (1-100): `, util.randint(1, 100));
<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a>!! 数学计算
<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a>show(`Absolute value of -123: `, util.abs(-123));
<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a>show(`Round 3.14159: `, util.round(3.14159));
<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a>show(`Round 3.14159 to 2 decimals: `, util.round(3.14159, 2));
<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a>show(`Minimum of 10, 5, 20, 3: `, util.min(10, 5, 20, 3));
<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a>show(`Maximum of 10, 5, 20, 3: `, util.max(10, 5, 20, 3));
<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a>show(`Sum of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5: `, util.sum(1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a>show(`Average of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5: `, util.average(1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a>!! 类型检查
<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a>show(`Is 123 a number: `, util.isNumber(123));
<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a>show(`Is &#39;123&#39; a number: `, util.isNumber(`123`));
<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a>show(`Is &#39;abc&#39; a number: `, util.isNumber(`abc`));
<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a>show(`Is &#39;Hello&#39; a string: `, util.isString(`Hello`));
<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a>show(`Is 123 a string: `, util.isString(123));
<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a>show(`Is arr(1, 2, 3) an array: `, util.isArray(arr(1, 2, 3)));
<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a>!! 类型转换
<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a>show(`Convert &#39;123&#39; to number: `, util.toNumber(`123`));
<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a>show(`Convert 123 to string: `, util.toString(123));
<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a>!! 类型判断
<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a>show(`Type of 123: `, util.typeof(123));
<a id="__codelineno-15-30" name="__codelineno-15-30" href="#__codelineno-15-30"></a>show(`Type of &#39;Hello&#39;: `, util.typeof(`Hello`));
<a id="__codelineno-15-31" name="__codelineno-15-31" href="#__codelineno-15-31"></a>show(`Type of arr(1, 2, 3): `, util.typeof(arr(1, 2, 3)));
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="_10">注意事项<a class="headerlink" href="#_10" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>所有工具函数都不会修改原始值，而是返回新的值</li>
<li>类型检查函数会尝试进行合理的类型判断</li>
<li>对于 <code>isNumber</code> 函数，字符串形式的数字也会被认为是数字</li>
<li>对于 <code>isArray</code> 函数，字符串形式的数组表示也会被认为是数组</li>
</ul>
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